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正文 《水浒》成书年代乱猜(三)(第1页/共2页)

元末明初,《水浒》成书第二段关键时间段,个人猜测为:

1364~1400。

先说元末明初两则关于“重逢”的故事。一为“掌故”,一为虚构的“鬼故事”。

作为《水浒》作者身份猜测的线索,两则故事读来,均很有趣。

贾仲明(1343年~1422年后)在增补《录鬼簿》中记载:

“罗贯中,太原人,号湖海散人。与人寡合。乐府隐语,极为清新。与余为忘年交。遭时多故,各天一方。至正甲辰(1364年)复会,别来又六十余年,竟不知其所终。”

从这则人物传记似的小故事,可以得出以下信息:

1、由于贾仲明为元末明初极为活跃的“鬼(戏曲)”圈小名人,在他20岁左右,前后两次见了当时40岁左右的“圈”内不算太有名的前辈罗贯中。至少在1364年前,罗贯中与后世盛行的明版小说《水浒》、《三国》的成书,没半毛钱关系。

2、至少在1364~1422年,无论罗贯中是死是活,他至少在“圈”內,是销声匿迹的。起码在1422年前,《水浒》、《三国》的本子,抄本均没正式亮相,或大范围刊刻传播。

第二则“重逢”的故事,来自瞿佑(1347-1433)的《剪灯新话》中的《华亭逢故人记》。

故事讲述:

元末松江,有全、贾两位文士,不仅诗词文采俱佳,且是江湖豪客,有任侠风范。

吴元年,朱元璋率军攻打张士诚,围苏州。上洋人钱鹤皋起兵援张士诚。前文说的“贾、全”两位“豪客”,自以严庄、尚让为比,杖策登门,参其谋议,遂陷嘉兴等郡。未几,师溃,两人皆赴水死……

洪武四年,华亭士人石若虚,曾与“贾、全”是旧识,有一天,他在荒郊野外与二人久别重逢。

别后相谈,两人先后喻以刘黑闼、李密、田横、骆宾王、黄巢等事迹,抒发自家命运及感概。

两人各作一诗,句尾分别为:

一片春光谁是主,野花开满蒺藜沙。

生存零落皆如此,惟恨平生壮志违。

石若虚听后,骇曰:“二公平日吟咏极宕,今日之作,何其哀伤之过,与畴昔大不类耶?”

二人相顾无语,但愀然长啸数声。须臾酒罄,告别而去。

瞿佑的这则“鬼故事”,我读后,结合贾仲明写的“罗贯中”的人物传记,得出:

元末浙西“文人”,在朱明一统江山的大时代背 『加入书签,方便阅读』
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