正文 僖公下论(第2页/共3页)
而大乱于四年之内。
微晋文起，则天下之裂剧矣。诚哉，春秋之世，不可一日而无霸也。曹操之言曰：“使国家无有孤，不知当几人称帝，几人称王。”岂尽诬哉！
夫霸者，王之蠹，而诸侯之害也。害之所不至，而大害滋起。弗获已，而因以其害者为利。害人之不足与治也，则择害莫如轻。故《春秋》予霸。
十一
齐之图霸，不得于鲁；宋之图霸，不得于曹；晋之图霸，不得于卫；力争良久，仅然得之，乃其后终相仇于无已。桓公没，鲁遽延楚以难齐；晋霸衰，卫遽党叛以加晋；宋之日忌于曹者，尤无宁也。维王者之德，怀近以致远；维霸者之势，远合而近离。尤与之近，则狎其所为而数持其短。国虽小，力虽弱，心固无与为服，不若远者之闻风遥望，一歆一震而遽欲前也。
齐之徂西，必径乎鲁；晋之徂东，必径乎卫；宋之徂北，必径乎曹。是且出入烦，而悉索不给，声色易加，喜怒先受，自非王者宅心以恕，颁政以简，不可与居而惎之，亦其势已。不可与居，大国之失也。不可与居而惎之，虽然，亦非小国之得也。
鲁之于齐，师屡挫而终屈之；卫之于晋，君屡辱而犹戴之。故二国者，亢立于两大之间而免于亡。
曹之于宋也，甫受其辱，而即疾视其败，宁他附而终不为下，然而亡曹者终宋，则弱小之于强大，地与邻，志与不辑，又幸彼屈而己伸。祸所必深，正此由矣。
德无以相尚，力不足以相仇，图存之道岂有他哉，唯藏有余怀不足而几矣。屈彼以伸己，则藏者无余；彼屈而己伸，则怀无不足。机露于先，而骄溢以居其后，冀以戢强大之心而自为固，是以毒矢加虎而坐待其狂愤也。
夫召其所狎，施之不戢，强大用之以困于弱小，弱小用之以覆于强大。故大字小、小事大之道，非霸者之所得与，奚况庸主疲臣之悻悻者乎！
十二
正者自正也，自正而弗恤人之谲，君子道也。谲者既自谲矣，自谲而恒疑人之谲，小人道也。齐桓之威，管仲之智，为申侯、辕涛涂之所欺，而齐不以损。晋文劣一胜楚，即如负骑虎不下之势，欲觐天子而惧不敢入其都。
呜呼！以晋之功在襄王，而成绩于楚，中国戴之，辑师改乘，执玉以成礼于王廷，保其雍容而退，无有后艰也。而徒尔谖疑以召王，而成乎不韪，是胡为者邪？
故曰：“君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。”
曹操无以保此，故枕圆枕，噉冶葛，力诎于暖昧，而以自妨其眠食，亦可哀矣夫！
十三
霸者之力，能动天下，而不能齐也。齐桓东略未竟，而终诎
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