正文 咸有一德(第1页/共2页)
言道者胥言一矣；乃从乎形气而数之，则一者数之始也，以俟夫增加者也。依于道以言之，则一者数之终也，无不统会者也。
且以数而言之：一而小成十也，其大成万也，乃至参差不可纪之至赜，而会归于一，则莫有踰于一者也。若其可倍而生二，析一而破之也；参而生三，伸一而歧之也。取其破析分歧之余，而孤持其一，则必至于贼道。
伊尹曰“咸有一德”、据纯德之大全而言也，故曰：“德二三，动罔不凶。”不可生二以与一相抗衡，生三以与一相鼎峙也，明矣。又曰“德无常师，主善为师，善无常主，协于克一”，非散殊而有不一也；又曰“无自广以狭人”，非博取而有不一也。
是故道，非可“泛兮其可左右”也，非“一与一为二，二与一为三”，三居二之冲，“冲而用之不盈”也。诚“泛兮其可左右”与？师左则不协于右；师右则不协于左矣。诚“冲而用之不盈”与？
将虚中以游于两端之间，自广而狭人，天下之德非其德矣。老氏以此坏其一，而与天下相持，故其流为刑名、为阴谋、为兵法，凶德之所自生，故曰贼道也。
夫以左右无定者遇道，则此亦一道，彼亦一道。以用而不盈者测道，则方此一道，俄彼一道。于是而有阳阖阴辟之术，于是而有逆取顺守之说。故负妇人，嬖宦寺而以霸，焚《诗》、《书》，师法吏而以王。
心与言违，终与始叛，道有二本，治有二致，仁义亦一端，残杀亦一端，徜徉因时，立二以伉一，乘虚择利，游三以乱一，乃嚣然曰“凡吾之二三，皆一之所生也”，而贼道者无所不至矣。老聃之幸不即为天下祸也，惟其少欲知止，不以天下为事耳。不然，又岂在商鞅、李斯下哉？
古之君子，虽遇中主，进危言，而不姑导以厖杂之术。全而学之，全而用之，圣足以创，贤足以守，中材犹足以不亡。其惟一以统万，而不二三以伉一乎！
一以统万者，达天者也。今夫天，则浑然一而已矣。天居一以统万，圣合万而皆一。
尹自耕莘以至于割厦，一也，道义以严取与也。汤自有国以有天下，一也，义礼以制事心也。夫是之谓达天。
有其始即以之终，有其微即以之著。
立一资始之谓统天，成一允终之谓成物，含一于中之谓尽心，传一于言之谓穷理。合天下之臣民，举万事之纲纪，胥一于善而无不实也，无不纯也，故冒天下之道而不可过，贞天下之观而无所疑。一之用大矣哉！
彼之析一以二，游一于三者，侈数广而执一狭。狭于执一，侈于生三，而放以之于万，以自广而狭天下，则始之局量以小，规模以隘，而不足以资始；终之波而蔽，蔽而穷，而不足以成终。不知大备之谓一者，其贼道固必至于斯也。
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