正文 第１７５９章 访古思今(第2页/共3页)
“自秦汉至隋唐以长安为帝都，从地理上讲关中横穿整个盆地的渭河流域，提供了充足的农业用水。在秦岭和黄土高原两块难以开发的土地之间，土地肥沃，曾有‘天府之国’之说；对外，东侧和山西之间有黄河天险，是秦晋之间天然的分界线；北侧的黄土高原沟壑纵横、地形复杂，难以被穿透；南侧的秦岭山高水长，合围在一起，关中盆地如同一個要塞易守难攻。四塞险固，沃野千里，在彼时的确是作为帝都的上上之选。”赵昺言道。
“陛下以为长安当前就已经不宜作为都城了？”邓光荐听出皇帝话中有话，出言反问道。
“嗯，从大势上而言，西安相对而言利于防守，选择在此定都的王朝，大多起步于群雄割据之时，以关中为根据地，可先令自己先立于不败之地，再适时向东和向南进击，从而进可攻退可守。简单而言就是他打别人容易，别人打他难。但这也使其不利于物资转运，需要耗费巨资才能维持城市的运转，也是自唐后历代皆弃之的重要原因。”赵昺言道。
“《两都赋》所谓：左据函谷、二崤之阻，表以太华、终南之山。右界褒斜、晚首之险，带以洪河、径、渭之川。华实之毛，则九州之上腴焉；防御之阻，则天下之奥区焉。”邓光荐点头道，“正是因为长安过于封闭，让它在维持首都运转时需要耗费大量的资源。尽管关中地区本身是优质的产粮区，可是在百万庞大的人口前，这点粮食根本不够吃，尚需从外部调运。”
“不错，关中盆地向东的出口狭长而窄小，从东方水路运粮食进入盆地还要经过险峻的三门峡，此是一条相当漫长的补给线。也正是一个长期困扰汉唐王朝的问题，如果关中受灾或生产力下降，来自东方的补给就至关重要，这还不算在西北维持所需的资财。”陆秀夫接话道。
“若在王朝强盛的年代，维持这种运输的费用还可以接受。可是到了王朝有衰败的迹象，要保证长安物资供给就没有那么轻松了。且每当西安被战火摧毁，想要主持重建这座城市都很困难。刘秀弃置了长安定都洛阳，我朝也因长安城被战火摧毁而选择开封，也都是因为重建和维持这座城市需要的物资补给太昂贵了。”
“时代已然不同，在秦汉隋唐年间，东南诸地还没充分开发，占据了关中就能称霸天下。但是当下水运甚至海运业已成为了我朝治理天下和发展经济的根本，长安的物资运输太过艰难，其已经不宜作为都城了！”赵昺点点头，这些重臣们还是十分理智的意识到长安的弱势，而没有默守陈规的想当然，他也是十分欣慰的。
“河南乃是天下之中，洛阳更是中原之中，道路四通八达，战可四面出击，和可招揽天下之才。只要重开运河，便能将江南的粮食运抵城下，唐时也是在粮食匮乏之时，前往洛阳就食。武朝之后更是以洛阳为东都，朝廷往来于两都之间。汉时，从汉高祖五年移都关中到十二年四月驾崩，七年间刘邦曾七次亲临洛阳。凡是涉
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