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正文 第九十五章 万世之功(第3页/共3页)

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……

就这样,阮家也渐渐回到了原来的样子。

一个月后,阮元的诗集刊刻之事,终于大功告成,一部《淮海英灵集》,一部《两浙輶轩录》均已刻印完毕。这《淮海英灵集》包揽顺康雍乾四代淮扬诗作,共二十二卷,闺秀、方外之作亦多叙录。而《两浙輶轩录》则囊括四代浙江诗作,共涉及三千余人,近万首诗作。阮元编定诗集的同时,也收录了不少扬州诗人逸事,自作《广陵诗事》一书,同诗文相与补正。

八月上巳之日,阮元也同在杭学生、文士一道,在西湖之畔举行修禊之礼,一边曲水流觞,一边讲论诗道。阮元也取了两部诗集前来,向文人士子展示三年编修的成果,一时之间,各路儒生雅士也纷纷赞许,称阮元振兴文教,实有大功于江浙士林。

这日一同到场的贵客,还有一位是杭嘉湖道的道员,名叫秦瀛,字小岘,虽是勤于治民之人,却也颇好诗文,与阮元多相唱和。这时眼看水中酒杯顺流而动,到了自己面前已是越漂越慢,也索性将酒杯取了出来,一饮而尽。笑道:“伯元,你这在浙江三年,成此修书之业,倒是愚兄再难企及了。不过我也有些好奇,想来在座各位,也都有这个疑问。那我这一杯酒,也算是尽礼了,还望伯元能够赐教。伯元,你究竟是为了何故,竟要编纂这两部诗集,这诗集编成了,日后又有何用益啊?”

阮元也自饮了一杯,道:“小岘兄,这也是我今日本应告知各位之事,想来各位今日齐聚于此,也都会有这个疑问,那我也试着解答一二。我在山东之时,渐涉金石之道,方知金石古器,对于经史研读,多有裨益,许多读经读史晦涩不通之处,若是得有实际器物、墓志碑铭加以佐证,便极易贯通。诗文也是一样,杜工部诗人称‘诗史’,即是因其诗作详实,可补乙部不足,另外,若诗做到好处,后世之人,亦可参详借鉴,知作诗并非仅为应举卒业之用,亦不可唯求华美,溺于炫技之道,须当心怀天下,据实以录今日之事,方能有裨益与后人。后之视今,如今之视昔,若是后人欲观国朝诗作,见国朝气象,却发现诗文大多无考,那后人还不得认为,国朝并无可称道之事,乃是文风凋零之期吗?”

说着,看看自己身边的一册《淮海英灵集》,又道:“此外,我编定此书之际,也曾多番寻访淮扬耆宿,方知这些年来,淮扬自订诗集的贤达名士,竟是日渐变少了。这诗作向来有个特点,散者难聚,聚者易传,若是各人诗作散落一方,过得些年月,多半就散佚了。可若是将各人诗作,聚于一书,那只要这部书流传下来,我国朝淮扬贤达,便自然可成不朽之名,两浙亦然。做成诗文是难事,编定诗集,更是不易,若我等不能尽心于此,还有几人愿做这刊修之事啊,赚不得许多钱,所成也是作诗人之名,而非自己之名。所以话说回来,既然我有了这个机会,我也想着把这修书之事办了。人生一世,不能只为衣食财物着想,也该想着留些有用之物,传之于千秋万世才是啊。”

其实阮元所言淮扬文士不愿编刻诗集,也不全是刊刻不易之故,乾隆后期,多有诗文之禁,阮元年少之时,即有徐述夔《一柱楼诗》之案,牵连甚多,谢启昆当时在做扬州知府,也被扣了个查办不力的罪名一时免职。是以文人不愿编刻诗集,也有畏祸之心。阮元少年时潜心读书,对此了解不多,反而对诗文编刻并无过度恐惧,后来一方面深受乾隆知遇之恩,一方面通过与其他前辈交流,对此也渐有耳闻,是以此次修书,也有匡正时弊,为乾隆弥补过失之意。

秦瀛为官多年,自然也知道阮元心意,没有多问,又道:“伯元,这《两浙輶轩录》我也看了一些,我得承认,这百余年两浙精华之作,当是尽数包揽于其中了。但我也有一事不明,这其中我看着也有不少诗作,读来实属平平之作,最多也就是一段诗句,又或一处用词,偶有可称罢了。却不知伯元竟是为何,要将这许多平平之作也尽数收录其间,总不会只是为了凑数吧?”

阮元道:“小岘兄,这《两浙輶轩录》所涉诗句,我也都是一一校阅过的,小岘兄所言不错,其中确有不少诗作,若通篇而论,仅属中作,但具体而言,或一阕,或一语,总是有些可取之处的。将来若是能得人引用,后人或许便可点石成金,另出佳作。是以我也想着,与其失之于严,不如失之于宽,宁滥勿缺,方能将国朝诗文,尽可能多的留存于后世啊。”

说到这里,阮元也对其他学生文人道:“各位,我等均是作诗习文之人,当知作诗不易,编刻成集又是不易,能使诗文流传千古,更是难上加难,千百年来,不知多少诗作,其才学文采远胜我等所作,可仅因刊刻不易,流传不广,就渐渐散佚了。我看《全唐诗》的时候,也知道张若虚的《春江花月夜》,知道王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》,能有如此佳作之人,难道便没有其他名作了吗?我想并非如此,可眼下《全唐诗》中,他二人所作不过数篇,可谓仅存之作了。至于唐人之前,多少古人《儒林》、《文苑》有传,可如今诗文经义,全不可考,文章散佚之苦,可想而知。今日我等既已知晓诗文刊刻流传不易,又怎能不加倍珍惜今日之作,若是因我等疏于编刻流传,以至于民间佳作,百年后散佚无闻,那我等还对得起我等身后之人吗?所以三年以来,我与各位尽心编定这两部诗集,其根本要义,便在于彰古人于今时,传文脉于后世!我为官不过九年,已是二品之位,也自当有所作为,为我们读书人的百年大计,尽我一份心力。这样才对得起皇上和太上皇知遇之恩,对得起各位学人称我一声‘老师’的敬重,各位也觉得,我这番心意,有些道理吧?”

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