正文 第87章 第二次背诵课文(第2页/共3页)
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环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰，林壑尤美，望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。山行六七里，渐闻水声潺潺，而泻出于两峰之间者，酿泉也。峰回路转，有亭翼然临于泉上者，醉翁亭也。作亭者谁？山之僧智仙也。名之者谁？太守自谓也。太守与客来饮于此，饮少辄醉，而年又最高，故自号曰醉翁也。醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。山水之乐，得之心而寓之酒也。环绕滁州的都是山。那西南的几座山峰，树林和山谷尤其优美。远远望过去树木茂盛，又幽深又秀丽的，是琅琊山。沿着山路走六七里，渐渐听到潺潺的流水声，是一股水流从两峰之间飞泻而下，是酿泉。泉水沿着山峰折绕，沿着山路拐弯，有一座亭子像飞鸟展翅似地，飞架在泉上，那就是醉翁亭。建造这亭子的是谁呢？是山上的和尚智仙。给它取名的又是谁呢？太守用自己的别号（醉翁）来命名。太守和他的宾客们来这儿饮酒，只喝一点儿就醉了；而且年纪又最大，所以自号“醉翁”。醉翁的情趣不在于喝酒，而在欣赏山水的美景。欣赏山水美景的乐趣，领会在心里，寄托在酒上。若夫日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦明变化者，山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也。朝而往，暮而归，四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也。至于太阳的升起，山林里的雾气散了；烟云聚拢来，山谷就显得昏暗了；朝则自暗而明，暮则自明而暗，这就是山中的朝暮。野花开了，有一股清幽的香味；好的树木枝繁叶茂，形成一片浓密的绿荫；风高霜洁，水落石出，这就是山中的四季。早晨进山，傍晚回城，四季的景色不同，乐趣也是无穷无尽的。至于负者歌于途，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥。酿泉为酒，泉香而酒洌；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，起坐而喧哗者，众宾欢也。苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也。至于背着东西的人在路上欢唱，走路的人在树下休息，前面的人呼喊，后面的人应答，老人弯着腰走，小孩子由大人领着走，来来往往不断的行人，是滁州的游客。到溪边钓鱼，溪水深并且鱼肉肥美；用酿泉造酒，泉水清并且酒也清；野味野菜，杂七杂八的摆放在面前的；那是太守主办的宴席。宴会喝酒的乐趣，不在于弹琴奏乐，投壶的人中了，下棋的赢了，酒杯和酒筹交互错杂，时起时坐大声喧闹的人，是欢乐的宾客们。一个脸色苍老的老人，醉倒在众人中间，是太守喝醉了已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐，醒能述以文者，太守也。不久，太阳下山了，人影散乱，宾客们跟随太守回去了。树林里的枝叶茂密成林，鸟儿到处叫，是游人离开后鸟儿在欢乐地跳跃。但是鸟儿只知道山林中的快乐，却不知道人们的快乐。而人们只知道跟随太守游玩的快乐，却不知道太守以游人的快乐为快乐啊。醉了能够和大家一起欢乐，醒来能够用文章记叙这乐事的人，是太守。”
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