正文 第九十八章 筑城为了自保(第1页/共4页)
看看这三年来大明发生了多少大事，第一就是天灾，大旱，大水，这是小冰河期在发威中，往后会越来越寒，随后抚宁候朱永佩平虏将军印充总兵官，都督刘玉刘聚充左右副总兵，太监傅恭顾恒监军，右副都御史王越参赞军务，以京兵万人，宣府大同兵各五千人往延绥征讨鞑靼。
巡抚延绥等处左副都御史王锐上言边事，诏令征调民夫筑城守边。
兵部尚书白圭等上言，京师之地饥荒起，浙江病役流行，四方灾异频发，荆襄流民动以数十万计，衣食所迫，奸盗由之，不可不防。
成化七年，安南攻占占城，王越率兵十万征讨鞑靼，因兵部尚书白圭推荐，任原浙江布政使余子俊为右副都御史、巡抚延绥。子俊请筑边墙，兵部奏请暂缓。延绥本治吴堡，子俊移镇榆林，加强防御。此后延绥通称榆林。朱永、王越败鞑靼兵，建议“搜套”，兵部不准。项忠至襄阳，进攻起义军。李原在竹山县被俘死。顶忠遣散流民，沿路被杀及因饥饿疾疫死者数十万人。
成化八年，四川荣县农民起义，攻占县城，占据府库，放掉狱囚，然后又攻犍为县，所到之处均获大胜。朝廷兵力不足。
安南数次越界，黎灏派兵侵据广西凭祥。以后数年中，又侵广东琼州、雷州、珠母海（北部湾），广西之龙州、上下冻州及云南之临安府（建水）、广南府、镇南（南华）亦屡告警。当时安南进贡一直由广西入境，但黎灏一直有侵略云南之野心，适逢镇守云南中官钱能贪恣，遣指挥郭景取其进贡之物，黎灏遂以解送广西龙州逃犯为由，假道云南入境，且发兵于其后，云南大忧。兵部言云南非贡道，龙州罪人宜解广西，不必赴京。成化八年五月，兵部命广西布政司移咨黎灏，晓以大义，令其保守故疆，不许越界，且令其遣人来与广西三司官勘覆龙州及上下冻州等处边界，设立界址，永为遵守。
东南沿海发生大水灾，江海暴溢。苏州、松江、扬州水灾，浙江海溢，杭州、绍兴、嘉兴、湖州、宁波五府水灾，淹没田禾，漂毁官民庐舍畜产不计其数，溺死二万八千四百六十余人。于是，令筑海堤，以防海溢并利洪水入海，自海盐至上海筑三万四千一百六十九丈，上海华亭至嘉定筑一万七千七百四十八丈，高一丈七尺，下宽四丈，上宽二丈。征调沿线所有民夫达五十万。
紧接着土鲁番攻占哈密，哈密乃西城之咽喉，如弃而不救，恐赤斤蒙古（甘肃玉门西）、罕东（甘肃敦煌）等卫亦为之所胁，酿成边患。宪宗乃命都督同知李文、右通政刘文前往甘肃经略，并遣锦衣卫千户马俊往谕土鲁番，使其归哈密侵地。文等乃与罕慎及赤斤、罕东等卫集兵进讨。
因京畿之地响马盗贼四起，京城改设二巡抚，旧制京师八府只设一巡抚驻蓟州。因鞑靼寇边，一官不能兼顾，遂于成化八年应都给事梁璟之请设东、西二巡抚：东治顺天府、永平府，驻遵化；西治保定等六府，兼提督紫
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