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正文 94刘贺封候(第2页/共3页)



数年以后,渤海(今河北仓县东)郡及其附近地区发生灾荒,农民起义并起,皇室多次派兵镇压而不能平息。于是,宣帝亲自选拔能治之才。丞相、御史均举荐龚遂,此时龚遂年已七十余岁。

龚遂闻召即来,宣帝一眼望见顿觉失望。原来龚遂年纪已老,又兼身材短小,宣帝心中不免看轻。但因诏书已下未便收回成命,只得开言问道:“渤海废乱朕甚忧之,君将用何法息其盗贼以副朕意?”龚遂对道:“海边僻远之地不沾圣化,其民为饥寒所困,而官吏不知抚恤,今使臣前往是用威胜之,还是以德安之?”宣帝一听方知龚遂名不虚传,不觉大悦,便答道:“举用贤良之人,原欲安之而已。”龚遂接着说道:“臣闻治乱民如治乱绳,势不宜急,惟有缓之,然后可治。臣请丞相御史暂时勿用文法拘束,使臣得一切便宜从事。”宣帝许之,并加赐黄金,使其乘驿前往。

当日龚遂乘坐驿车到了渤海郡界。郡中官吏听说新太守到任,恐被盗劫急发兵来迎。龚遂见了传令全数撤回不用,一面通饬各属县停止捕拿盗贼。凡人民手持耕田器具者皆是良民,官吏毋得过问;惟手持兵器者方是盗贼。此令一下,说也奇怪,不消数日,渤海界内许多盗贼忽然不见。龚遂也不带人保护,独自单车到府,郡中安然无事。读者试想,渤海当日何等大乱,盗贼成群结队遍地皆是,谁知拿捕愈严盗贼愈多,正在无法可治,适遇龚遂到来,却将盗贼看同无物,从容下一命令,便收拾得无影无踪。须知盗贼与良民同是人类,大抵衣食充足,盗贼便转为良民;饥寒交迫,良民皆化为盗贼。渤海连年饥荒人民无食,不得已聚众劫夺苟全性命。今见新太守命令不问前事,大众自然欢喜,立即弃却兵器弓矢,手持镰刀锄头耕作,所以境内平静。

龚遂于是大开仓廪借与贫民,选用良吏安抚百姓。又见渤海风俗奢侈,人民多从事手工技艺不重耕作,龚遂乃提倡节俭,劝民勤力农桑,下令每人须种榆一株,葱五十根,韭菜一畦,又每家须养母猪二头,鸡五只。渤海人民既受龚遂教化,风气为之一变。每年春夏时节便齐往田中耕种。到了秋冬家家俱有收成。遇有山场并可摘取果子,湖荡又可收取菱芡。

龚遂在任数年,宣帝见其治功卓著,地节四年,遣使召之入京。

却说王吉自昌邑王刘贺被废后,与龚遂等一同下狱,因其屡次直谏,免死罚为城旦,后刑期既满,起为益州刺史,告病归家,复召为谏大夫。他针对皇室奢侈糜费、任人唯亲等时弊,上疏劝宣帝选贤任能,废除荫袭制度;提倡俭朴,爱惜财力,以整顿吏治,淳厚民风,使国家兴旺发达。他是中国最早的晚婚提倡者,他在上书汉宣帝时写道:“夫妇,人伦之大纲、夭寿之萌也。世俗嫁娶太早,未知为人父母之道而有子,是以教化不明而多夭。”王吉主张晚婚的目的是要达到“不夭”和“明教化”,意即“优生优育”。

王吉生性廉正,当少年时家居长安,东邻有大枣树一株,枝叶垂到王吉庭中,适值枣熟之时,王吉之妻见了便私自摘取,进与王吉食之。王吉先前不知,将枣食毕出到庭中,偶然望见枣树垂下之枝并无一枣,不觉生疑,向妻究问,其妻只得明言。王吉大怒,立时休去其妻。东邻主人闻知其事,心想不过吃了几个枣子,却害人夫妇离散,觉得甚不过意。论起来都是此株枣树招灾惹祸,便欲动手将树砍去。一时哄动乡人前来观看,都为感动。大众便出头调停,先阻止东邻勿砍枣树;然后力劝王吉迎归其妻。王吉却不过大众好意方才应允,于是地方上的人为之作歌道:

东家有树,王阳妇去。

东家枣完,去妇复还。

另外有一富室,兄弟二人都已娶妻,一向同居并未分家。妯娌之间也还相得,后二人同时怀孕,长妇小产,次妇生下一男。长妇起意谋夺家产,硬说次妇之子是她亲生。次妇不服,彼此争持诉到官府,屡经审讯,历时三年案尚未决。及王吉到任,看了案卷忽得一法。即日传集二人到堂审问。王吉略问二人数语,便命人抱其儿子于庭中,对二人说道:“此子是谁亲生,只有你二人知道,旁人如何了解。汝二人皆执为己子,谁直谁曲非神明不能辨别。我今凭天处断,此子现在庭中,你二人上前抱取,何人先行抱得便是何人之子。二人一齐奔向庭中惟恐落后。长妇先 『加入书签,方便阅读』
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