正文 71夜郎自大(第3页/共3页)
民以为要他当兵,不免私行逃走。唐蒙用军法诛其头目,巴、蜀百姓大为震惊恐惧。汉武帝接到报告大为震惊,就派相如去责备唐蒙,趁机告知巴、蜀百姓,唐蒙所为并非皇上本意。司马相如回到老家后大手一挥,洋洋洒洒地写了一封妙笔生花的檄文:《喻巴蜀檄》。
司马相如的檄文大致分为三点:
首先宣扬汉武帝的威德。
其次解释在巴、蜀二郡征兵只是为了保护财物和使者的安全,不存在进行战争的忧患。
最后以当时的忠义、荣辱观来开导民众。
檄文一经发行,便如同一剂灵丹妙药,结果巴、蜀的武力行为得到缓解,谣言得到控制,取而代之的是“理解”和“原谅”之声。檄文得到了立竿见影的效果。
司马相如小试牛刀取得不错的效果后,又上奏武帝道:“西夷如邛莋、冉駹并称大部,地近蜀郡容易交通,秦时曾通道置吏,尚有遗辙。今若规复旧制更置郡县,比南夷还要好哩!”武帝甚喜,即拜相如为中郎将,持节出使。
此次相如赴蜀与前次不同。前次官职尚卑,又非朝廷特派正使,所以地方官虽然迎送,不过照例相待没甚殷勤。此次出使,相如乘坐高车驷马,前呼后拥冠冕堂皇。到了蜀郡,蜀郡太守出郊远迎,成都县令身负弩矢作为前驱。相如车过升仙桥,想起昔年初入长安时曾在市门题字,如今果然高车驷马遂了夙愿,心中何等快意。道旁士女无不叹羡,消息传到临邛,卓王孙邀同程郑等人望风趋集,争献牛酒。相如托言皇命在身,不肯轻与相见。卓王孙等只好恳求从吏表示殷勤。相如不便还却牛酒,特使从吏向他复报全数收受。卓王孙觉得十分光荣,对着同来亲友叹道:“想不到司马长卿竟有今日!”诸亲友齐声附和,盛称文君眼光过人。卓王孙于是顺道访女,即将文君接回临邛,并且重新分给家财,与其男相等。
相如安心西行驰入西夷境内,也是照着唐蒙老法,把车中随带币物分给西夷。各部落就是为了财帛来求内附。此时既得如愿,当然奉表称臣。
于是西至沫若水,南至牂牁江,凿灵山道架桥孙水,直达邛都。共设一都尉十县令,归蜀管辖。规画已毕,仍从原路回蜀。
卓王孙亟将文君送至行辕,相如挈文君来到长安,自诣朝堂复命。武帝慰劳有加,相如沾沾自喜渐有骄色。
才人多半好色,相如前时勾动文君,全为好色起见,及文君华色渐衰,相如又有他念,欲纳茂陵女为妾,卓文君听说后,恨相如薄情,遂作诗一篇,名为《白头吟》,欲与相如决绝。其诗道:
皑如山上雪,皎若云间月。
闻君有两意,故来相决绝。
今日斗酒会,明日沟水头。
蹀躞御沟上,沟水东西流。
凄凄复凄凄,嫁女不须啼。
愿得一心人,白头不相离。
竹竿何袅袅,鱼尾何簁簁。
男儿重意气,何用钱刀为。
相如见诗后十分羞愧,只得将此事作罢。
在即将被丈夫厌弃的时刻,自重自爱的卓文君用一首诗来表明了自己的底线,也成功地唤回了丈夫的心。司马相如最终选择回到卓文君身边,同时也避免了自己背负上“渣男”的恶名,但他实际上还是暴露了自己的花心与劈腿,只不过性情大度的卓文君还深爱着司马相如这个“心机男”而已。
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