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显性之有而目言之，《易》谓之“緼”，《书》谓之“衷”，《诗》谓之“则”，《孟子》谓之“塞”，求其实则《中庸》之所谓“诚”也。故曰：“诚者物之终始。”终与终之，始与始之，终以密合乎始，始以绵亘乎终，相依而不贰，不著其文而已盈，静与存而皆安，动与行而不滞，官不过而如其量，神周流而恒不失，故曰“衷”也。
夫人之有形，则气为之“衷”矣。人之有气，则性为之“衷”矣。是故痿躄者，形具而无以用其形，则惟气之不充；乃形未有毁，是表具而“衷”亡也。
然则狂易者，气具而无以善其气，则惟性之不存；乃气未有馁，是亦表具而“衷”亡矣。气衷形，循形而知其有也；性衷气，循气而不易知其有也；故君子之道鲜矣。
今夫气，则足以善、足以恶、足以塞、足以馁矣。足云者，有处于形之中而堪任其用者也。若夫恒而不迁，善而无恶，塞而不馁者，则气固有待而足焉，而非气之堪任也，故曰性衷气也。气非有形者也，非有形则不可破而入其中。然而莫能破矣，而絪緼抟散者足以相容而相为载，则不待破以入，而性之有实者，固与之为无间。
夫性之为衷于人也，不待破而入，非徒于气然也，形亦莫不然也。破目之黑白而求明之藏也不可得，破耳之窾〔音科〕。曲而求聪之藏也不可得。
因实而入实，则亦因虚而入虚，凡有形而皆入焉，亦凡有形而皆衷焉。耳亦衷此也，目亦衷此也，四体百骸而皆衷此也。凡有气而皆入焉，亦凡有气而皆衷焉。
衷乎形者气，衷乎气者乃天之所降之衷，则亦彻乎人之形气皆为之衷也。故曰：“睟然见于面，盎于背，施于四体。”面、背、四体，形也，气之表也。
以见、以盎、以施，气也，形之“衷”也。乃其根心而生色者，更有衷气者存也，君子所性也。
是故人之生也，气以成形，形以载气；所交彻乎形气之中，绵密而充实，所以成、所以载者，有理焉，谓之“存存”。人之死也，魂升于天，魄降于地，性之隐也；未尝亡而不得存者，与魂升，与魄降，因其屈而以为鬼神。
故鬼神之与人，一也。鬼神之诚，流动充满，而人之美在中也。其屈也，鬼神不殊于人，而其德惟盛。其存也，人亦不殊于天，而其性以恒。然则此“衷”也，固非但人之“衷”，而亦天之“衷”矣。形而下者人之性，形而上者天之理，故“衷”曰“降”。非其丽乎人而遂离乎天也，天下逮于人，人之“衷”，即天之“衷”也。
且夫天之有“衷”，奚以明其然也？今夫天，苍苍而已矣，旷旷而已矣。苍苍者不诎，旷旷者无极，气也；而寒暑贞焉，而昭明发焉，而运行建焉，而七政纪焉，而动植生焉，而仁、义、礼、智，不知所自来而生乎人之心、显乎天下之物则焉。
&n
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