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正文 86苏武归国(第1页/共3页)

始元二年,匈奴狐鹿姑单于身死,壶衍鞮单于既立。向例匈奴每年五月大会诸王于龙城,祭享天地鬼神,但是左贤王、右谷蠡王不肯来会,匈奴之势始衰。恰值汉使到来,单于使人示意欲求和亲。使者道:“匈奴既有意和亲,须先放苏武等回国。”

武帝末年,李陵奉了单于之命前往北海。此时李陵受封为右校王,又娶单于之女为妻,于是率领从人携带食物到北海来见苏武。

他乡遇故知,实为人生大幸。尽管苏武早知李陵的故事,但也没有拒绝和老友叙旧。酒酣耳热之际,李陵对苏武说:“单于听说我与子卿交厚,所以让我前来劝你,真心希望你能成为他的臣子。你多年未能归汉,白白在此无人之境受苦,即便信义如天又有谁能看见呢?你的哥哥苏嘉做奉车都尉,就因为扶皇帝车辇下台阶不慎折断车辕,就被指控为大不敬,不得不伏剑自刎,而你的弟弟苏贤也因为没抓到杀害驸马的宦官惶恐服毒而死。

他们都因为小事而死,让你的母亲伤心不已,不久也去世了。我还听说你的妻子听不到你的消息,也改嫁了。如今,堂堂苏家只剩下你的两个妹妹、两个女儿和一个儿子,说家破人亡也差不多了。人生一世譬如朝露,你又何必为了那个无人知道的使命忍受这么久的苦难呢?”说到这儿,李陵又狠狠地饮了一口浊酒。

然后,李陵猛地抬起头,眼中含泪道:“当初,我刚到匈奴时也很痛苦,深恨自己背叛了朝廷,想着有朝一日能够立下奇功重返大汉。可是后来老母妻子被杀,族人因此获罪者无数,这让我怎么去面对啊?今上春秋已高,法令无常,大臣无罪而见杀者达数十家。谁又能保证自己的忠心被皇帝体察呢?所以请子卿不要再想着归汉了,还是听从我的建议,留下来吧!”说完,李陵伏地乞求。

苏武也留下了眼泪,哽咽着说:“少卿说的我都知道。苏武不孝,不能为老母送终,愧为人子。我父子毫无功德,皆出主上成全,位为将军,爵列通侯,兄弟并蒙亲近,随侍左右,常愿肝脑涂地。今得杀身以报,虽斧钺汤镬亦所甘心,愿勿再言。”李陵见苏武不听其言,只得按下不谈,另说他事。当日酒散,李陵便在海上住宿。次日又与苏武饮酒,谈论中间,李陵屡次用言打动苏武,苏武只作不闻。一连饮了数日,李陵见苏武只是不动,忍不住直说道:“子卿何妨听我的话。”苏武答道:“我自以为必死久矣,你如定欲我降,请尽今日之欢,死于你面前。”李陵闻言长叹道:“子卿真是义士,我与卫律之罪上通于天矣!”说罢泪下沾襟,遂向苏武告辞而去。

李陵见苏武生计困难,待欲赠以财产,却嫌自己不忠,对之未免有愧,遂与其妻商议,用其妻名义赐与苏武牛羊数十头。又想起苏武妻已改嫁,子女不知在否,况且年纪将老,归国无期,不如劝他纳一胡女,免得孤身无伴,将来生下一男半女,也可接续血脉,因遣人将此意告知苏武。苏武也就答应了。

李陵乃就自己部下选一女子嫁之,从此苏武有了家室,不至如前寂寞,又得了许多牲畜,衣食也不至缺乏。

及武帝驾崩,李陵听到信息又到北海来见苏武,说道:“近日边界守兵捕得云中人口,说是主上已崩。”苏武闻言急问道:“此事确否?”李陵答道:“甚确。”苏武听了便向南号哭,哭到痛极不觉呕血。李陵自悔不该前来告知,极力劝慰一番后自行归去。苏武从此每日早晚哭泣两次,直到数月才罢。

当日霍光遣使到了匈奴,问起苏武,匈奴诈言已死,使者不知真假,只得依言回报。过了年余又有汉使到来,以为苏武果死,不复再问。一夜忽有一人求见,使者问其姓名,说是常惠,常惠乃苏武属吏。使者闻信惊喜,即令入见。

常惠见了使者,备细告知详情,使者方知苏武尚在。常惠又行近使者身边,附耳说了数语,使者点头应允。

到了次日,使者入见单于说道:“单于休得相欺,大汉天子在上林中射得一雁,足上系有帛书,乃是苏武亲笔,书中写道:‘臣苏武现在荒泽之中。’前日汉使问起苏武,单于如何说他已死?如今天可怜见苏武孤忠,使他帛书得达,又是天子亲手射得,单于更有何说?”单于闻言心中大惊。本来胡人生性率直,加以迷信甚深,今闻使者之言,以为射雁得书果有其事,又因自己说谎被人揭破,一时无从回护,便向使者谢过道:“苏武真的尚在。”使者暗想常惠之计果然不错,心中甚喜,即要求单于放之归国。

单于见汉使求索苏武,苏武在此日久,并无投降之意,留之无益于事。又想到马宏亦久留不降,不如一并放归。

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