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正文 第71章 钱袋子(第3页/共4页)


由于直隶各界人士对英国人以卑鄙手段骗取开平煤矿都很愤怒,所以对中国人自办的滦州煤矿都积极支持,纷纷投资入股,在几个月的时间,“滦州煤矿有限公司”成立,周学熙担任总经理。他不等新式采煤机械运到,就先以土法上马开采,最先建成的是陈家岭矿井,随后又在印子沟、桃园、赵各庄、狼尾沟等地开挖了矿井,并在各矿之间建成专用铁路,安装电话。他还派人到德国适合滦州煤矿使用的最新式采煤机械,使煤炭质量大大超过了开平,在市场上大受欢迎,对开平煤矿构成了很大的威胁。

此外,针对开平煤矿蕴藏将开采完的情况,周学熙决定首先开采开平附近各矿的煤层,使开平的矿井无法向外延伸。面临着即将无煤可采的困境,英国商人多次对周学熙威逼利诱,周学熙都不予理睬。

由于滦州煤矿已将开平煤矿紧紧包围住,而开平煤矿本身的蕴藏也快要开采完了,英国商人通过领事向时任直隶总督陈夔龙施加压力也被顶住。无法,经过与英国外交部和英国公司长达半年的交涉,双方终于达成协议:英国把开平煤矿交还中国,中国付给英商178万英镑。当时开平煤矿的股票市价已达到170万英镑,加上公司拥有的其它产权,实际上已超过178万英镑,可见收回开平煤矿不仅维护了国家主权,经济上对国家也是有利的。

可是由于当年出卖开平煤矿的张翼从中破坏,掌握国家大权的摄政王听信了张翼的胡话,不同意由国家支付这178万英镑,而滦矿也无力承担这笔费用,收开一事功败垂成。

英国商人在无可奈何之际,施出了最后一招,凭借着经济上有英国财团的大力支持,挑起一场煤价大战,把每吨煤价价格降低几乎一半,而且还根据销量,附赠礼品,企图以此压垮滦州煤矿。周学熙果断地接受了挑战,也采取相同的降价措施。两家公司争相降价,最后每销售一吨煤,两家公司都要倒赔很多。在这种情况下,清政|府对周学熙的斗争却不给一点财力上的支持。经过了近一年的价格大战后,双方处境都很艰难。最后英国商人改变了策略,开始大肆鼓吹“开滦合作”。他们在天津、上海的报纸上大造舆论,还专门花钱在天津办了张《北方日报》为“开滦合作”摇旗呐喊。同时,他们又从滦州煤矿内部进行分化瓦解,收买滦州煤矿的股东,要他们在董事会上提议放弃斗争、与开平煤矿合作。而滦州煤矿的一些股东,也因为公司亏损、无利可图,赞成与开平合作。

面对着重重困难,周学熙还是咬牙顶住了各方面的压力,准备与开平煤矿斗争到底。1911年辛亥革命爆发了,滦州煤矿的股东们惟恐因为革命失掉自己的既得利益,纷纷主张向开平煤矿投降,企图靠外国势力保住自己的利益。周学熙势孤力单,最后只得痛苦地接受了与开平煤矿合作的谈判。当股东们一致推举他担任合并后成立的开滦矿务局总局督办时,周学熙坚决地推辞了。收回开平煤矿是周学熙的心愿,但在正史上他的有生之年却未能实现。

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